Network stack (dode): What each layer does - attack patterns on each layer - & how to defend it

From Computing and Software Wiki

What each layer does, what attacks can happen, and how to defend it:

- Application/Presentation: the final interface of a software, ex: the login page of a website, that checks user names against IPs and lets the user in the system

attack: write a sql script that gives back the whole table of all IDs and Passwords

defense:

- Transport: transports packets to the correct protocol

attack: pirate gets all the ports that a server uses

defense: make a table of how frequently each specific IP asks for ports and

- Network:

IP: routed

IPX: not routed

attack: spoofing IPs:

1. fire wall

2. internal

denial of service:

1. IP routing defined

2.not defined: declare fake IPs, send Zillions, ttl

defense:

- Data link: Drive data to correct protocols

attack:

it is the easiest, & can only be done on local network

Switch's routing table looks like this:

      mcaddress              ip
   ..blah...blah..        ..192.168....
   ....blah blah..        ....192.168.1..
  

the pirate will fill the routing table with mc IDs saying you are all of them. (is is called spoofing)

defense:

1. read only routing table: preferred method

2.

- Physical: mcaddress

attack: some one can physically take away your network card or unplug your internet cable.

defense: Don't let people touch your computer :) it gets more complicated with wireless technologies