Computing and Software Wiki - User contributions [en]

.forward

2007-04-10T15:11:04Z

RobertLi: .forward moved to Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically

#REDIRECT [[Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically]]

Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically

2007-04-10T15:11:04Z

RobertLi: .forward moved to Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically

== '''How to Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically''' ==

Everyone who has an account with CAS has an email box. The email box is ACCOUNT_LOGIN_NAME@mcmaster.cas.ca. If you do not want to check this mail box often, you can have emails sent to this mailbox automatically forwarded to your other email boxes.

A file named .forward under your home directory can make all the messages sent to your CAS email box be automatically forwarded to another email box. If there is no such a file, create one for yourself.

Edit this file using a text editor and put the email addresses to which you would like to forward your emails from your CAS account. Then all the emails to your CAS email account will be automatically forwarded(redirected) to the specified email accounts.

If you want to keep a copy of message in your CAS email box, add "\YOUR_Login_Name," (without quotation marks) before your forwarding address.

An example of .forward file:

\johndoe, \johndoe@univmail.mcmaster.ca

Compressed by gzip

2007-04-09T20:36:16Z

RobertLi: New page: page exist!

page exist!

.tar.gz

2007-04-09T20:35:33Z

RobertLi: .tar.gz moved to Extract files from a .tar.gz file

#REDIRECT [[Extract files from a .tar.gz file]]

Extract files from a .tar.gz file

2007-04-09T20:35:33Z

RobertLi: .tar.gz moved to Extract files from a .tar.gz file

== '''Extract files from a .tar.gz file ''' ==

A .tar.gz file that contains a bundle of files [[packaged by tar utility]] and then [[compressed by gzip]] program, therefore basically two steps are required to restore such a file:

1) uncompress it use gzip of gunzip:

gzip -d File_Name.tar.gz
or
gunzip File_Name.tar.gz
This will make the file File_Name.tar.gz replaced by a uncompressed File_Name.tar file.

2) Unpackage the .tar file:

tar -xvf File_Name.tar
You can combine the two steps together by:

gzip -dc File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
or
gunzip -c File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
(The "-" after the "tar -xvf" is to tell tar to read from the standard input.)

Our Solaris system has a gtar program available. With gtar, users can specify a -z option to tell gtar to zip or unzip the target file thus makes it possible to handle a .tar.gz file truely in a single step:

To create a .tar.gz file using gtar:

gtar -czvf File_Name.tar.gz File1 File2 File3 ...
This will pack File1, File2, File3 and other files on the list and compress them to create a File_Name.tar.gz file.
To extract files from a .tar.gz file:

gtar -xzvf File_Name.tar.gz
This will uncompress and unpack File_Name.tar.gz

Extract files from a .tar.gz file

2007-04-09T20:33:55Z

RobertLi:

Extract files from a .tar.gz file

2007-04-09T20:32:21Z

RobertLi:

== '''Extract files from a .tar.gz file ''' ==

A .tar.gz file that contains a bundle of files [[packaged by tar utility]] and then compressed by gzip [http://www.cas.mcmaster.ca/wiki/index.php/Compress_to_and_Uncompress_a_.gz_file] program, therefore basically two steps are required to restore such a file:

1) uncompress it use gzip of gunzip:

gzip -d File_Name.tar.gz
or
gunzip File_Name.tar.gz
This will make the file File_Name.tar.gz replaced by a uncompressed File_Name.tar file.

2) Unpackage the .tar file:

tar -xvf File_Name.tar
You can combine the two steps together by:

gzip -dc File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
or
gunzip -c File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
(The "-" after the "tar -xvf" is to tell tar to read from the standard input.)

Our Solaris system has a gtar program available. With gtar, users can specify a -z option to tell gtar to zip or unzip the target file thus makes it possible to handle a .tar.gz file truely in a single step:

To create a .tar.gz file using gtar:

gtar -czvf File_Name.tar.gz File1 File2 File3 ...
This will pack File1, File2, File3 and other files on the list and compress them to create a File_Name.tar.gz file.
To extract files from a .tar.gz file:

gtar -xzvf File_Name.tar.gz
This will uncompress and unpack File_Name.tar.gz

Extract files from a .tar.gz file

2007-04-09T20:31:10Z

RobertLi:

== '''Extract files from a .tar.gz file ''' ==

A .tar.gz file that contains a bundle of files [[packaged by tar utility]] and then [compressed by gzip http://www.google.com] program, therefore basically two steps are required to restore such a file:

1) uncompress it use gzip of gunzip:

gzip -d File_Name.tar.gz
or
gunzip File_Name.tar.gz
This will make the file File_Name.tar.gz replaced by a uncompressed File_Name.tar file.

2) Unpackage the .tar file:

tar -xvf File_Name.tar
You can combine the two steps together by:

gzip -dc File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
or
gunzip -c File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
(The "-" after the "tar -xvf" is to tell tar to read from the standard input.)

Our Solaris system has a gtar program available. With gtar, users can specify a -z option to tell gtar to zip or unzip the target file thus makes it possible to handle a .tar.gz file truely in a single step:

To create a .tar.gz file using gtar:

gtar -czvf File_Name.tar.gz File1 File2 File3 ...
This will pack File1, File2, File3 and other files on the list and compress them to create a File_Name.tar.gz file.
To extract files from a .tar.gz file:

gtar -xzvf File_Name.tar.gz
This will uncompress and unpack File_Name.tar.gz

Extract files from a .tar.gz file

2007-04-09T20:29:49Z

RobertLi:

== '''Extract files from a .tar.gz file ''' ==

A .tar.gz file that contains a bundle of files [[packaged by tar utility]] and then [compressed by gzip] program, therefore basically two steps are required to restore such a file:

1) uncompress it use gzip of gunzip:

gzip -d File_Name.tar.gz
or
gunzip File_Name.tar.gz
This will make the file File_Name.tar.gz replaced by a uncompressed File_Name.tar file.

2) Unpackage the .tar file:

tar -xvf File_Name.tar
You can combine the two steps together by:

gzip -dc File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
or
gunzip -c File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
(The "-" after the "tar -xvf" is to tell tar to read from the standard input.)

Our Solaris system has a gtar program available. With gtar, users can specify a -z option to tell gtar to zip or unzip the target file thus makes it possible to handle a .tar.gz file truely in a single step:

To create a .tar.gz file using gtar:

gtar -czvf File_Name.tar.gz File1 File2 File3 ...
This will pack File1, File2, File3 and other files on the list and compress them to create a File_Name.tar.gz file.
To extract files from a .tar.gz file:

gtar -xzvf File_Name.tar.gz
This will uncompress and unpack File_Name.tar.gz

Extract files from a .tar.gz file

2007-04-09T20:28:57Z

RobertLi:

Compress to and Uncompress a .gz file

2007-04-09T20:21:55Z

RobertLi: New page: == '''Compress to and Uncompress a .gz file''' == gzip utility will compress a file and create a .gz file: gzip File_Name This will make the file File_Name replaced by a compresse...

== '''Compress to and Uncompress a .gz file''' ==

gzip utility will compress a file and create a .gz file:

gzip File_Name
This will make the file File_Name replaced by a compressed file File_Name.gz. If you want keep the original file while creating a compressed .gz file, use the following command:

gzip -c File_Name > new_file.gz
To uncompress a .gz or .GZ file, use utility gzip or gunzip:

gzip -d File_Name.gz
or
gunzip File_Name.gz
This will uncompress the file File_Name.gz, create a new file File_Name replacing File_Name.gz.

If for some reasons you want to keep the compressed file, use the following command:

gzip -dc File_Name.gz>File_Name
or
gunzip -c File_Name.gz>File_Name

Extract files from a .tar.gz file

2007-04-09T17:39:38Z

RobertLi:

== '''Extract files from a .tar.gz file ''' ==

A .tar.gz file that contains a bundle of files [[packaged by tar utility]] and then compressed by gzip program, therefore basically two steps are required to restore such a file:

1) uncompress it use gzip of gunzip:

gzip -d File_Name.tar.gz
or
gunzip File_Name.tar.gz
This will make the file File_Name.tar.gz replaced by a uncompressed File_Name.tar file.

2) Unpackage the .tar file:

tar -xvf File_Name.tar
You can combine the two steps together by:

gzip -dc File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
or
gunzip -c File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
(The "-" after the "tar -xvf" is to tell tar to read from the standard input.)

Our Solaris system has a gtar program available. With gtar, users can specify a -z option to tell gtar to zip or unzip the target file thus makes it possible to handle a .tar.gz file truely in a single step:

To create a .tar.gz file using gtar:

gtar -czvf File_Name.tar.gz File1 File2 File3 ...
This will pack File1, File2, File3 and other files on the list and compress them to create a File_Name.tar.gz file.
To extract files from a .tar.gz file:

gtar -xzvf File_Name.tar.gz
This will uncompress and unpack File_Name.tar.gz

Packaged by tar utility

2007-04-09T17:37:35Z

RobertLi:

== '''Package to and Unpackag a .tar File''' ==

The Unix utility tar allowing users to coalesce many files into a single file. This is especially useful when users want to transfer or distribute their files. The archive file created by tar usually indicated by the extension of .tar.

To pack files of directories into a single file, do the following:

tar -cvf NewFile.tar file1 file2 file3 ....
This will package file1, file2, file3 and other files in the file list into a single file: NewFile.tar.

To extract files from a .tar file, do the following:

tar -xvf NewFile.tar

Package to and Unpackag a .tar File

2007-04-09T17:37:10Z

RobertLi:

Device is busy

2007-04-09T17:36:22Z

RobertLi:

== '''umount ---"device is busy!" ''' ==

When using Linux, after finishing using CDROM or floppy disk, when try to un-mount them, sometimes users may get an error message "device is busy".

In this situation, first, make sure you are not in the /mnt/floppy or /mnt/cdrom directory when issuing the "umount" command. Second make sure no file and directory in the floppy disk or cdrom is used by any applications. If you still get the "device is busy" error message, "fuser" command may be used to further trouble shooting.

Command "fuser -u /dev/fd0" or "fuser -u /dev/cdrom" will give you information as which processes and users are using the floppy drive or cdrom. Then you can kill the processes. This may help you to unmount the device.

You may also use the command "fuser -k /dev/fd0" or "fuser -k /dev/cdrom" to directly kill the processes which are using the filesystem.

Extract files from a .tar.gz file

2007-04-09T17:36:06Z

RobertLi:

== '''Extract files from a .tar.gz file ''' ==

A .tar.gz file that contains a bundle of files [[packaged by tar utility]] and then compressed by gzip program, therefore basically two steps are required to restore such a file:

1) uncompress it use gzip of gunzip:

gzip -d File_Name.tar.gz
or
gunzip File_Name.tar.gz
This will make the file File_Name.tar.gz replaced by a uncompressed File_Name.tar file.

2) Unpackage the .tar file:

tar -xvf File_Name.tar
You can combine the two steps together by:

gzip -dc File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
or
gunzip -c File_Name.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
(The "-" after the "tar -xvf" is to tell tar to read from the standard input.)

Our Solaris system has a gtar program available. With gtar, users can specify a -z option to tell gtar to zip or unzip the target file thus makes it possible to handle a .tar.gz file truely in a single step:

To create a .tar.gz file using gtar:

gtar -czvf File_Name.tar.gz File1 File2 File3 ...
This will pack File1, File2, File3 and other files on the list and compress them to create a File_Name.tar.gz file.
To extract files from a .tar.gz file: .

gtar -xzvf File_Name.tar.gz
This will uncompress and unpack File_Name.tar.gz

.gz

2007-04-09T17:35:29Z

RobertLi:

== '''Use GNU Tar to Handle .tar.gz files ''' ==

On Linux, you still can create a .tar.gz file or extract files from a .tar.gz file in the same way as in Unix (as when use a non-GNU tar).

Most Linux are equipped with a GNU tar, which has a -z option allowing users to zip or unzip the target files. With this z option, users can pack and compress ( or unpack and uncompress) files in a single step.

To create a .tar.gz file:

tar -czvf File_Name.tar.gz File1 File2 File3 ...
This will pack File1, File2, File3 and other files on the list and compress them to create a File_Name.tar.gz file.
To extract files from a .tar.gz file: .

tar -xzvf File_Name.tar.gz
This will uncompress and unpack File_Name.tar.gz

Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically

2007-04-09T17:34:45Z

RobertLi: /* Headline text */

Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically

2007-04-09T17:34:14Z

RobertLi:

== Headline text ==
'''How to Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically'''

Everyone who has an account with CAS has an email box. The email box is ACCOUNT_LOGIN_NAME@mcmaster.cas.ca. If you do not want to check this mail box often, you can have emails sent to this mailbox automatically forwarded to your other email boxes.

A file named .forward under your home directory can make all the messages sent to your CAS email box be automatically forwarded to another email box. If there is no such a file, create one for yourself.

Edit this file using a text editor and put the email addresses to which you would like to forward your emails from your CAS account. Then all the emails to your CAS email account will be automatically forwarded(redirected) to the specified email accounts.

If you want to keep a copy of message in your CAS email box, add "\YOUR_Login_Name," (without quotation marks) before your forwarding address.

An example of .forward file:

\johndoe, \johndoe@univmail.mcmaster.ca

Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically

2007-04-09T17:33:43Z

RobertLi:

== '''How to Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically =='''

Everyone who has an account with CAS has an email box. The email box is ACCOUNT_LOGIN_NAME@mcmaster.cas.ca. If you do not want to check this mail box often, you can have emails sent to this mailbox automatically forwarded to your other email boxes.

A file named .forward under your home directory can make all the messages sent to your CAS email box be automatically forwarded to another email box. If there is no such a file, create one for yourself.

Edit this file using a text editor and put the email addresses to which you would like to forward your emails from your CAS account. Then all the emails to your CAS email account will be automatically forwarded(redirected) to the specified email accounts.

If you want to keep a copy of message in your CAS email box, add "\YOUR_Login_Name," (without quotation marks) before your forwarding address.

An example of .forward file:

\johndoe, \johndoe@univmail.mcmaster.ca

Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically

2007-04-09T17:33:03Z

RobertLi:

== '''How to Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically ==
?'''

Everyone who has an account with CAS has an email box. The email box is ACCOUNT_LOGIN_NAME@mcmaster.cas.ca. If you do not want to check this mail box often, you can have emails sent to this mailbox automatically forwarded to your other email boxes.

A file named .forward under your home directory can make all the messages sent to your CAS email box be automatically forwarded to another email box. If there is no such a file, create one for yourself.

Edit this file using a text editor and put the email addresses to which you would like to forward your emails from your CAS account. Then all the emails to your CAS email account will be automatically forwarded(redirected) to the specified email accounts.

If you want to keep a copy of message in your CAS email box, add "\YOUR_Login_Name," (without quotation marks) before your forwarding address.

An example of .forward file:

\johndoe, \johndoe@univmail.mcmaster.ca

Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically

2007-04-09T16:11:12Z

RobertLi: Everyone who has an account with CAS has an email box. The email box is ACCOUNT_LOGIN_NAME@mcmaster.cas.ca. If you do not want to check this mail box often, you can have emails sent to this mailbox au

'''How to Forward emails from my CAS account to my other email accounts automatically?'''

Everyone who has an account with CAS has an email box. The email box is ACCOUNT_LOGIN_NAME@mcmaster.cas.ca. If you do not want to check this mail box often, you can have emails sent to this mailbox automatically forwarded to your other email boxes.

A file named .forward under your home directory can make all the messages sent to your CAS email box be automatically forwarded to another email box. If there is no such a file, create one for yourself.

Edit this file using a text editor and put the email addresses to which you would like to forward your emails from your CAS account. Then all the emails to your CAS email account will be automatically forwarded(redirected) to the specified email accounts.

If you want to keep a copy of message in your CAS email box, add "\YOUR_Login_Name," (without quotation marks) before your forwarding address.

An example of .forward file:

\johndoe, \johndoe@univmail.mcmaster.ca

Device is busy

2007-04-09T15:59:15Z

RobertLi: error message when try to un-mount a CDROM or floppy disk in Linux

'''umount ---"device is busy!" '''

When using Linux, after finishing using CDROM or floppy disk, when try to un-mount them, sometimes users may get an error message "device is busy".

In this situation, first, make sure you are not in the /mnt/floppy or /mnt/cdrom directory when issuing the "umount" command. Second make sure no file and directory in the floppy disk or cdrom is used by any applications. If you still get the "device is busy" error message, "fuser" command may be used to further trouble shooting.

Command "fuser -u /dev/fd0" or "fuser -u /dev/cdrom" will give you information as which processes and users are using the floppy drive or cdrom. Then you can kill the processes. This may help you to unmount the device.

You may also use the command "fuser -k /dev/fd0" or "fuser -k /dev/cdrom" to directly kill the processes which are using the filesystem.