Motivations for the Studies of HCI - Revision history

Shukrim: /* Principles of Ergonomics */

2009-11-23T20:39:05Z

Principles of Ergonomics

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	[[Image:P23_elbow_ht_typing.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|right\|A good rule of thumb is that most work should be done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.]]		[[Image:P23_elbow_ht_typing.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|right\|A good rule of thumb is that most work should be done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.]]

-	There are '''10 basic''' principles: <sup>[9]</sup>:	+	There are '''10 basic''' principles of ergonomics <sup>[9]</sup>:

Shukrim: /* Principles of Ergonomics */

2009-11-23T20:38:44Z

Principles of Ergonomics

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	[[Image:P23_elbow_ht_typing.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|right\|A good rule of thumb is that most work should be done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.]]		[[Image:P23_elbow_ht_typing.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|right\|A good rule of thumb is that most work should be done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.]]

-	There are '''10 basic''' principles <sup>[9]</sup>:	+	There are '''10 basic''' principles: <sup>[9]</sup>:

Shukrim: /* Principles of Ergonomics */

2009-11-23T20:38:26Z

Principles of Ergonomics

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	There are '''10 basic''' principles <sup>[9]</sup>:		There are '''10 basic''' principles <sup>[9]</sup>:
		+

	1. ''Work in Neutral Postures'': Your posture provides a good starting point for evaluating the tasks that you do. The best positions in which to work are those that keep the body "in neutral." The spinal cord is neutrally shaped like an "S". Therefore, it is important to maintain the neutral "S" in sitting and standing positions. Other examples include keeping the neck aligned, elbows and shoulders relaxed and keeping wrists in neutral.		1. ''Work in Neutral Postures'': Your posture provides a good starting point for evaluating the tasks that you do. The best positions in which to work are those that keep the body "in neutral." The spinal cord is neutrally shaped like an "S". Therefore, it is important to maintain the neutral "S" in sitting and standing positions. Other examples include keeping the neck aligned, elbows and shoulders relaxed and keeping wrists in neutral.

Shukrim: /* Ergonomics */

2009-11-23T20:38:15Z

Ergonomics

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	== Ergonomics ==		== Ergonomics ==
-	===Definition:===	+	=== Definition ===
	The term Ergonomics is derived from two Greek words, Nomoi meaning natural laws and Ergon meaning work. Hence, Ergonomics is the study of human capabilities in relationship to work demands.		The term Ergonomics is derived from two Greek words, Nomoi meaning natural laws and Ergon meaning work. Hence, Ergonomics is the study of human capabilities in relationship to work demands.
	<hr>		<hr>

-	===Principles of Ergonomics:===	+	=== Principles of Ergonomics ===

	[[Image:P23_elbow_ht_typing.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|right\|A good rule of thumb is that most work should be done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.]]		[[Image:P23_elbow_ht_typing.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|right\|A good rule of thumb is that most work should be done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.]]
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	10. ''Maintain a Comfortable Environment'': This principle is more or less a catch-all that can mean different things depending upon the nature of the types of operations that you do. Lighting and glare is a classic example of this.		10. ''Maintain a Comfortable Environment'': This principle is more or less a catch-all that can mean different things depending upon the nature of the types of operations that you do. Lighting and glare is a classic example of this.

-	See also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitts's_law Fitts's Law]<sup>[10]</sup>.	+	See also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitts's_law Fitts's Law]<sup>[10]</sup>.

	==See Also==		==See Also==

Shukrim at 20:37, 23 November 2009

2009-11-23T20:37:51Z

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	Human Factors is an umbrella term for several areas of research. Motivation rises for the study of human factors that include [[Motivations for the Studying of HCI#Human Performance\|human performance]], [[Motivations for the Studying of HCI#Technology Design\|technology design]] and [[Motivations for the Studying of HCI#Human-Computer Interaction\|Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)]]. Human factors is often used interchangeably with User Interface Design or Human-Computer Interaction.		Human Factors is an umbrella term for several areas of research. Motivation rises for the study of human factors that include [[Motivations for the Studying of HCI#Human Performance\|human performance]], [[Motivations for the Studying of HCI#Technology Design\|technology design]] and [[Motivations for the Studying of HCI#Human-Computer Interaction\|Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)]]. Human factors is often used interchangeably with User Interface Design or Human-Computer Interaction.

-	The concept of human factors emerged during the industrial revolution and became a full-fledged discipline during World War II. Human factors recognized that aircraft cockpit design needed to consider the human interface for controls and displays.Design engineers focused on technology and the industrial psychologists worked to optimize the interface. There is a tremendous overlap in these disciplines. Human factors refer to hardware design and HCI is frequently used by the software engineers. Engineering psychologists work in both disciplines and the overlap is considered greater than the difference <sup>[5]</sup>.	+	The concept of human factors emerged during the industrial revolution and became a full-fledged discipline during World War II. Human factors recognized that aircraft cockpit design needed to consider the human interface for controls and displays.Design engineers focused on technology and the industrial psychologists worked to optimize the interface. There is a tremendous overlap in these disciplines. Human factors refer to hardware design and HCI is frequently used by the software engineers. Engineering psychologists work in both disciplines and the overlap is considered greater than the difference <sup>[6]</sup>.

-	Another example of this area of research occurs in the Human Factors Research and Technology Division at NASA Ames Research Center <sup>[6]</sup>. This area focuses on the need for safe, efficient and cost-effective operations, maintenance and training, both in flight aircrafts and on the ground.	+	Another example of this area of research occurs in the Human Factors Research and Technology Division at NASA Ames Research Center <sup>[7]</sup>. This area focuses on the need for safe, efficient and cost-effective operations, maintenance and training, both in flight aircrafts and on the ground.

	[[Image:Human_factors.jpg\|frame\|Human Factors\|right\|Hardware design promoting a healthy desktop environment.]]		[[Image:Human_factors.jpg\|frame\|Human Factors\|right\|Hardware design promoting a healthy desktop environment.]]
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-	"Government funding of advanced human-computer interaction technologies built the intellectual capital and trained the research teams for pioneer systems that, over a period of 25 years, revolutionized how people interact with computers. Industrial research laboratories at the corporate level in Xerox, IBM, AT&T, and others played a strong role in developing this technology and bringing it into a form suitable for the commercial arena" (<sup>[7]</sup>, p.162).	+	"Government funding of advanced human-computer interaction technologies built the intellectual capital and trained the research teams for pioneer systems that, over a period of 25 years, revolutionized how people interact with computers. Industrial research laboratories at the corporate level in Xerox, IBM, AT&T, and others played a strong role in developing this technology and bringing it into a form suitable for the commercial arena" (<sup>[8]</sup>, p.162).


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	[[Image:P23_elbow_ht_typing.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|right\|A good rule of thumb is that most work should be done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.]]		[[Image:P23_elbow_ht_typing.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|right\|A good rule of thumb is that most work should be done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.]]

-	There are '''10 basic''' principles:	+	There are '''10 basic''' principles <sup>[9]</sup>:

	1. ''Work in Neutral Postures'': Your posture provides a good starting point for evaluating the tasks that you do. The best positions in which to work are those that keep the body "in neutral." The spinal cord is neutrally shaped like an "S". Therefore, it is important to maintain the neutral "S" in sitting and standing positions. Other examples include keeping the neck aligned, elbows and shoulders relaxed and keeping wrists in neutral.		1. ''Work in Neutral Postures'': Your posture provides a good starting point for evaluating the tasks that you do. The best positions in which to work are those that keep the body "in neutral." The spinal cord is neutrally shaped like an "S". Therefore, it is important to maintain the neutral "S" in sitting and standing positions. Other examples include keeping the neck aligned, elbows and shoulders relaxed and keeping wrists in neutral.
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	10. ''Maintain a Comfortable Environment'': This principle is more or less a catch-all that can mean different things depending upon the nature of the types of operations that you do. Lighting and glare is a classic example of this.		10. ''Maintain a Comfortable Environment'': This principle is more or less a catch-all that can mean different things depending upon the nature of the types of operations that you do. Lighting and glare is a classic example of this.

-	See also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitts's_law Fitts's Law]	+	See also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitts's_law Fitts's Law]<sup>[10]</sup>.

	==See Also==		==See Also==
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	:'''8.''' Card, S.K., "Pioneers and Settlers: Methods Used in Successful User Interface Design," in Human-Computer Interface Design: Success Stories, Emerging Methods, and Real-World Context, M. Rudisill, et al., Editors. 1996, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers: San Francisco. pp. 122-169.		:'''8.''' Card, S.K., "Pioneers and Settlers: Methods Used in Successful User Interface Design," in Human-Computer Interface Design: Success Stories, Emerging Methods, and Real-World Context, M. Rudisill, et al., Editors. 1996, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers: San Francisco. pp. 122-169.

		+	:'''9.''' [[Principles of Ergonomics]]: <cite> [http://www.danmacleod.com/ErgoForYou/10_principles_of_ergonomics]</cite>

-	:'''6.''' [[Fitts's Law]]: <cite> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitts's_law]</cite>	+	:'''10.''' [[Fitts's Law]]: <cite> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitts's_law]</cite>

-	~~:'''7.''' [[Principles of Ergonomics]]: <cite> [http://www.danmacleod.com/ErgoForYou/10_principles_of_ergonomics]</cite>~~
	</div>		</div>

Shukrim at 20:35, 23 November 2009

2009-11-23T20:35:06Z

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-	There are of course drawbacks to following a software development life cycle. The following table demonstrates a comparison of some of the strengths and weaknesses of the SDLC <sup>[8]</sup>:	+	There are of course drawbacks to following a software development life cycle. The following table demonstrates a comparison of some of the strengths and weaknesses of the SDLC <sup>[5]</sup>:


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	:'''4.''' Poelman, S. (2009) Software Engineering 4D03/6D03/Computer Science 4HC3 Lecture Notes		:'''4.''' Poelman, S. (2009) Software Engineering 4D03/6D03/Computer Science 4HC3 Lecture Notes

-	:'''5.''' ~~Human Factors: Overview~~. ~~http~~:~~//www~~.~~duke~~.~~edu/web/informatics/HF/HumanFactors~~.~~html~~	+	:'''5.'''Post, G., & Anderson, D., (2006). Management information systems: Solving business problems with information technology. (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.

-	:'''6.''' Human Factors ~~101~~. http://~~human-factors~~.~~arc~~.~~nasa.gov~~/web/~~hf101~~/	+	:'''6.''' Human Factors: Overview. http://www.duke.edu/web/informatics/HF/HumanFactors.html

-	:'''7.''' ~~Card, S.K., "Pioneers and Settlers: Methods Used in Successful User Interface Design," in~~ Human~~-Computer Interface Design: Success Stories, Emerging Methods, and Real-World Context, M~~. ~~Rudisill, et al., Editors. 1996, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers~~: ~~San Francisco. pp. 122~~-~~169~~.	+	:'''7.''' Human Factors 101. http://human-factors.arc.nasa.gov/web/hf101/
-		+
-		+
-	~~Post, G~~.~~, & Anderson, D., (2006). Management information systems: Solving business problems with information technology. (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin~~.	+

		+	:'''8.''' Card, S.K., "Pioneers and Settlers: Methods Used in Successful User Interface Design," in Human-Computer Interface Design: Success Stories, Emerging Methods, and Real-World Context, M. Rudisill, et al., Editors. 1996, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers: San Francisco. pp. 122-169.

Shukrim: /* Technology Design */

2009-11-23T20:32:49Z

Technology Design

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-	"Government funding of advanced human-computer interaction technologies built the intellectual capital and trained the research teams for pioneer systems that, over a period of 25 years, revolutionized how people interact with computers. Industrial research laboratories at the corporate level in Xerox, IBM, AT&T, and others played a strong role in developing this technology and bringing it into a form suitable for the commercial arena" <~~supp~~. 162]).	+	"Government funding of advanced human-computer interaction technologies built the intellectual capital and trained the research teams for pioneer systems that, over a period of 25 years, revolutionized how people interact with computers. Industrial research laboratories at the corporate level in Xerox, IBM, AT&T, and others played a strong role in developing this technology and bringing it into a form suitable for the commercial arena" (<sup>[7]</sup>, p.162).

Shukrim: /* Technology Design */

2009-11-23T20:31:51Z

Technology Design

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:31, 23 November 2009
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-	"Government funding of advanced human-computer interaction technologies built the intellectual capital and trained the research teams for pioneer systems that, over a period of 25 years, revolutionized how people interact with computers. Industrial research laboratories at the corporate level in Xerox, IBM, AT&T, and others played a strong role in developing this technology and bringing it into a form suitable for the commercial arena." ~~[6, p~~. 162]).	+	"Government funding of advanced human-computer interaction technologies built the intellectual capital and trained the research teams for pioneer systems that, over a period of 25 years, revolutionized how people interact with computers. Industrial research laboratories at the corporate level in Xerox, IBM, AT&T, and others played a strong role in developing this technology and bringing it into a form suitable for the commercial arena" <supp. 162]).

Shukrim: /* References */

2009-11-23T20:31:22Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:31, 23 November 2009
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	:'''6.''' Human Factors 101. http://human-factors.arc.nasa.gov/web/hf101/		:'''6.''' Human Factors 101. http://human-factors.arc.nasa.gov/web/hf101/

-	6. Card, S.K., "Pioneers and Settlers: Methods Used in Successful User Interface Design," in Human-Computer Interface Design: Success Stories, Emerging Methods, and Real-World Context, M. Rudisill, et al., Editors. 1996, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers: San Francisco. pp. 122-169.	+	:'''7.''' Card, S.K., "Pioneers and Settlers: Methods Used in Successful User Interface Design," in Human-Computer Interface Design: Success Stories, Emerging Methods, and Real-World Context, M. Rudisill, et al., Editors. 1996, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers: San Francisco. pp. 122-169.

Shukrim: /* References */

2009-11-23T20:30:18Z

References

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	== References ==		== References ==
	<div class="references-small">		<div class="references-small">
		+
	:'''1.''' A brief history of human-computer interaction technology. ACM Interactions. http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=274430.274436		:'''1.''' A brief history of human-computer interaction technology. ACM Interactions. http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=274430.274436

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	:'''4.''' Poelman, S. (2009) Software Engineering 4D03/6D03/Computer Science 4HC3 Lecture Notes		:'''4.''' Poelman, S. (2009) Software Engineering 4D03/6D03/Computer Science 4HC3 Lecture Notes

-	:'''5.''' Human Factors 101. http://human-factors.arc.nasa.gov/web/hf101/	+	:'''5.''' Human Factors: Overview. http://www.duke.edu/web/informatics/HF/HumanFactors.html
		+
		+	:'''6.''' Human Factors 101. http://human-factors.arc.nasa.gov/web/hf101/

	6. Card, S.K., "Pioneers and Settlers: Methods Used in Successful User Interface Design," in Human-Computer Interface Design: Success Stories, Emerging Methods, and Real-World Context, M. Rudisill, et al., Editors. 1996, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers: San Francisco. pp. 122-169.		6. Card, S.K., "Pioneers and Settlers: Methods Used in Successful User Interface Design," in Human-Computer Interface Design: Success Stories, Emerging Methods, and Real-World Context, M. Rudisill, et al., Editors. 1996, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers: San Francisco. pp. 122-169.